When it comes to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), integrating a holistic approach can make all the difference. This includes more than just medical management; it encompasses lifestyle changes, diet, and physical activity. A PCOS dietitian can be at the forefront of this by providing you with nutritional strategies that can be worked into your overall care plan.

What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women during their reproductive years. PCOS is characterized by the development of small fluid-filled sacs that develop on the outer edge of the ovary. These fluid-filled sacs are actually cysts, and they contain immature eggs, also referred to as follicles.

The exact cause of this condition is still unknown, but factors like insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetics may contribute. Early diagnosis and lifestyle management can help reduce the risk of complications.

PCOS Symptoms

The hormone imbalances from PCOS can cause a wide range of symptoms, and each woman may experience them differently. Some may experience mild symptoms, while others may be more severe. Symptoms may also change during different stages of life. Let’s take a look at some of the most common PCOS symptoms.

Irregular Periods

The most common PCOS symptom is absent or irregular periods. When a woman doesn’t ovulate normally, like in PCOS, menstruation becomes impacted. This can lead to months without a period or prolonged or heavy periods.

Excessive Facial or Body Hair

One of the telltale signs of PCOS is excessive hair growth on the face or body (hirsutism). This symptom occurs because PCOS leads to high levels of a sex hormone called androgens. Androgens are the hormones that give men their “male-like” characteristics, like facial or body hair. While androgens are a natural part of a woman’s hormonal profile, they typically occur at much lower levels. 

Acne

Elevated levels of androgens can also result in acne. These hormones can cause increased oil production in the skin, leading to clogged pores. It’s not uncommon for pimples to develop on other parts of the body besides the face, such as the chest and upper back. Sometimes, medical providers may recommend birth control pills or other medications to help with this.

Hair Loss

Hair loss might seem counterintuitive after discussing that PCOS can result in excessive hair growth, but both are symptoms caused by the same underlying hormonal imbalance. Although high androgen levels can lead to increased hair growth in unwanted areas like the face and body, they can also cause thinning hair on the scalp. This is a condition known as androgenic alopecia. It causes hair follicles to become smaller and thinner, as well as shortened hair growth cycles. Hair may appear thinner, or hair may actually begin to fall out around the crown and temples.

Stress, Depression, and Anxiety

The hormonal imbalances experienced by those with PCOS can contribute to mood disturbances. Additionally, the physical symptoms that PCOS causes, such as acne, hair loss, and weight gain, can further exacerbate feelings of stress and lower self-esteem. However, you can help take care of your mental health by following a healthy lifestyle, implementing relaxation techniques, and seeking counseling.

Weight Gain

Insulin resistance is thought to be the main culprit when it comes to weight gain in those with PCOS. Insulin resistance can lead to higher circulating insulin levels, which may cause the body to store more fat, especially around the abdominal region. It can also make it more difficult to break down stored fat. 

Trouble Sleeping

High androgen levels in PCOS can contribute to conditions like sleep apnea, which significantly affects a person’s quality of sleep. In addition, insulin resistance can interfere with the body’s ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles, leading to insomnia and fragmented sleep. These sleep disruptions can significantly impact daily energy and quality of life.

Does PCOS Affect Your Reproductive Health?

Many women who have PCOS find themselves struggling with their fertility. This is because PCOS can significantly impact ovulation. In order to become pregnant, a mature egg needs to be fertilized. But, in those with PCOS, ovarian follicles don’t mature properly, leading to anovulatory cycles and irregular menstrual periods. 

Even if or when ovulation does occur, hormonal imbalances may prevent the uterine lining from developing adequately, which can hinder the implantation of the mature egg. Additionally, unpredictable menstrual cycles can make it challenging to plan conception around your fertile window.

This does not make it inevitable that someone with PCOS will struggle with infertility. Many people with PCOS are able to conceive without infertility, and it is absolutely possible to improve overall fertility through lifestyle and diet changes. 

What is a PCOS Dietitian, and How Does Nutrition Impact Symptoms?

Managing PCOS symptoms requires a well-rounded approach that includes lifestyle changes, especially surrounding nutrition and diet. A PCOS dietitian is a registered dietitian (RD) who specializes in counseling clients with PCOS. PCOS dietitians have helped thousands of women manage their symptoms and lose weight through tailored dietary strategies.

Control Blood Sugar Levels

Since PCOS has been associated with insulin resistance, it can lead to higher blood sugar levels. Over time, high blood sugar can lead to chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease. A PCOS dietitian can advise you on specific foods to eat and certain dietary supplements that can help keep blood sugar levels under control. They can also provide guidance on implementing physical activity and other helpful lifestyle behaviors.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Frequently, those with PCOS may have a higher body weight. Research has found that modest weight loss – around 5% of total body weight – can significantly alleviate PCOS symptoms. A PCOS dietitian can help you identify a realistic and healthy weight target. They will work closely with you to formulate a plan that achieves and maintains your ideal weight over the long term.

Qualities to Look for in a PCOS Dietician

Choosing the right dietitian to manage PCOS symptoms may take some research. Let’s go over some things you should look out for.

Customer Service

Top-notch customer service is extremely important. You want to look for a dietitian who ensures open and responsive communication, whether it be via text, phone call, or email. This accessibility allows you to easily reach out with any questions or concerns that may arise during your PCOS journey. 

Credentials

Most importantly, it’s essential to verify that your dietitian has the appropriate credentials, particularly since the term “nutritionist” can be used loosely in the United States. Unlike “nutritionists,” who may not require formal training, registered dietitians are healthcare professionals who have completed rigorous education and must pass a national examination. Ensuring your dietitian is registered offers the highest assurance of receiving knowledgeable and science-backed nutritional guidance.

Specialty

Many dietitians in private practice will have a specific area of focus. When it comes to PCOS management, it’s important to find an RD who specializes in that particular area. They can guide you on the best dietary practices to prevent weight gain and suggest specific foods to include or avoid to better control your symptoms.

Should I Go to a Dietitian for My PCOS?

If you’re looking for a nutrition expert who can help you alleviate PCOS symptoms effectively and help you better reach your unique health goals, a PCOS dietitian would be beneficial for you. Another plus is that they can also work collaboratively with your doctor and the rest of your healthcare team.

Conclusion

Navigating the challenges of PCOS requires much more than just medical management; it requires a holistic approach that includes lifestyle and dietary changes. The best way to achieve this is to seek support from a PCOS dietitian. They can provide nutrition coaching to help you better manage your symptoms, lose weight if necessary, and help prevent future health complications.